Internet Services on the HP 3000 consist of eight individual
services that enable the HP 3000 to communicate with other
nodes on an internetwork. The program and configuration files needed
to run Internet Services is part of the MPE/iX Fundamental Operating Software.
No separate software product is necessary to use Internet Services.
The services are briefly described in Table
1-1 "Summary of HP 3000 Internet Services"
The Internet
daemoninetd is the master
server for the group of Internet Services rather than an individual network
service. You must install and configure inetd on your system to
use the other services as listed below.
telnet
The telnet server uses the standard virtual
terminal protocol to allow users on a remote node that supports Internet
Services to log on and run most applications on the host HP 3000.
bootpd
The Bootstrap Protocol daemon, or
bootpd, is used to boot, or start, devices such as routers,
printers, X-terminals and diskless workstations. Client systems use
bootpd to find their own IP address and the name of the boot file
to load into memory and execute.
tftpd
The Trivial File Transfer Protocol daemon
tftpd is used to transfer the boot files needed to start network
devices. In this implementation of Internet Services, tftpd
enables an HP 3000 to boot network printers.
remsh
The remote shell client allows a user on an HP
3000 to access a remote UNIX host and execute a UNIX command or script
without logging on.
ftp
The File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is an ARPA
service that allows users to transfer files among other networked systems.
FTP is the file transfer program that uses the ARPA standard File Transfer
Protocol. FTP can be used with systems supporting the ARPA FTP service such
as other HP systems, UNIX systems, and non-UNIX systems.
Samba
Samba/iX is a suite of programs which allow
clients to access a server's file space and printers via the Server Message
Block (SMB) protocol. It allows the MPE/iX shell operating system to act as
a file and printer server for SMB clients, which are primarily, Windows NT,
Windows 95 and Windows for Workgroups
DNS
BIND (Berkeley Internet Name Domain) is an
implementation of the Domain Name System (DNS). A complete implementation
of DNS BIND/iX is available on MPE/iX. DNS BIND/iX will enable MPE/iX host
to act as a DNS server, both responding to queries as well as communicating
with other DNS servers on the local network and the Internet.
NOTE: Throughout this manual, the term
daemon, which is familiar to UNIX
users, and the term server are
used interchangeably.
The Internet Services program and configuration files come with version C.55.00
or greater, of the MPE/iX Fundamental Operating Software (FOS). (The exception
to this is the Telnet Client, which was made available to customers on the
earlier version of MPE/iX, C.50.00.) As part of MPE/iX FOS, Internet Services
can run on any Precision Architecture-RISC model of the HP 3000. They are not
available on earlier "classic" HP 3000 computers running MPE V.
To run Internet Services, you must:
Configure one or more network interface link cards that support
TCP/UDP/IP communications protocol.
Configure the Net Transport communications software which uses the
TCP/UDP/IP protocol.
The necessary software and at least one TCP/UDP/IP network interface
card is delivered with each PA-RISC HP 3000 system. Internet Services runs on
top of the Net Transport software and therefore runs over any type of link
supported by Net Transport.
If you have installed or updated to version C.60.00 of MPE/iX,
use the following steps to verify that the Internet Services files
exist on your system:
If necessary, log on the system as MANAGER.SYS.
Enter a LISTFILE command for the NET group of the SYS
account:
:LISTFILE @.NET.SYS
Check the list displayed on your screen and make sure that you
have the following files:
BOOTPD
BOOTPQRY
BPTABSMP
INETD
INSECSMP
INSVXL
JINETD
PROTSAMP
REMSH
SERVSAMP
TFTPD
Run the Node Manager Maintenance utility to verify that you have
successfully installed the set of Internet Services files (except for
Telnet files, which you will check in Chapter 3
"Telnet Service")
:NMMAINT,73
You will see information similar to the following:
:nmmaint,73
NMS Maintenance Utility 32098-20014 B.00.09
(C) Hewlett Packard Co. 1984
WED, JUL 23, 1997, 11:08 AM
Data comm products build version: N.55.15
Subsystem version ID's:
Internet Services for the HP3000 module versions:
NM program file: INETD.NET.SYS Version: B0001003
NM program file: BOOTPD.NET.SYS Version: B0001003
NM program file: BOOTPQRY.NET.SYS Version: B0001002
NM program file: TFTPD.NET.SYS Version: B0001002
NM program file: REMSH.NET.SYS Version: B0001003
XL procedure: INSVXL_SECURE_VERS Version: B0001004
XL procedure: INSVXL_IPCSEC_VERS Version: B0001002
XL procedure: INSVXL_NSRW_VERS Version: B0001003
XL procedure: INSVXL_NETOF_VERS Version: B0001002
XL procedure: INSVXL_SYSLOG_VERS Version: B0001003
XL procedure: INSVXL_SIGNAL_VERS Version: B0001002
XL procedure: INSVXL_GETTIME_VERS Version: B0001003
Internet Services for the HP3000 overall version = B.00.01
The final line of information, which displays the current overall
version of these software files, is useful when you need to call the
Hewlett-Packard support staff.
Check for any error messages, such as a module is missing, or a
message telling you of a version mismatch, for example:
Version levels differ in one or more modules. (NMERR 103)
Internet Services for the HP3000 overall version = ?.??.??
To use the domain name resolver to resolve domain names to their IP addresses,
you will need to configure a set of ASCII files on each node that contain the
necessary information. Refer to the "Configuring the DNS Resolver" section of
this chapter, or the HP 3000/iX Network Planning and Configuration Guide.
When you install or update to version C.60.00 of MPE/iX, a set of
sample configuration files is automatically copied to the NET
group of the SYS account for you. For example, INCNFSMP is
the name of the sample inetd configuration file. These files were
named and installed in this form to prevent overwriting any genuine
configuration files already in use.
To view the group of files installed in NET.SYS, enter:
:LISTFILE @.NET.SYS
To configure Internet Services, you will do one of two things:
If there are configuration files already in use, you will add the
information needed to use each of the Internet Services to those
files.
If you are not already using Internet Services configuration
files, you will use the sample configuration files that were
installed with the FOS as templates for your own set. In this case,
you will use the COPY command to create each of the
configuration files, then create a symbolic link from a file name in
the POSIX name space to the actual file, which exists in the MPE name
space. (Linking the files is explained next.) Finally, you will edit
the new configuration files to suit your needs.
The Internet Services software looks for some of its configuration files in the
POSIX name space and not in the MPE name space. For example, it accesses the
/etc directory and looks for the file named inetd.conf to
read inetd configuration data. It does not look for the file
INETDCNF.NET.SYS.
Rather than create two copies of the configuration file, one
for each name space, Hewlett-Packard recommends that you create
a symbolic link from a POSIX-named file to the MPE-named file. The
instructions in the remainder of this manual describe this process.
Linking the files, as opposed to making another copy of each one,
offers three important advantages.
Linking the file ensures consistency of content because regardless
of which name you use to access the file, you will be reading or
updating the same file.
Giving the file a name in each name space allows you to view the
file from either the POSIX or the MPE name space, but it is
recommended that you use an MPE text editor to make changes. This is
due to potential conflicts with the MPE/iX EOF marker if any lines
are added using a POSIX editor program.
Making the POSIX name point to the MPE name ensures that the file
will be backed up with standard MPE STORE procedures in case
you haven't modified your STORE command to back up new or
changed files in the POSIX name space.
If you install and configure all of the Internet Services according to the
instructions in this manual, you will have the set of files described in
Table 1-2 "Configuration Files"Table 1-2 Configuration Files
Sample name
MPE name space
HFS name space
Description
SERVSAMP.NET.SYS
SERVICES.NET.SYS
/etc/services
The services name file, which associates an official service
name and alias with the port number
and protocol that a service uses. You will edit the services file for each
new service you are adding to your system. The executing program uses the
file named SERVICES.NET.SYS.
PROTSAMP.NET.SYS
PROTOCOL.NET.SYS
/etc/protocols
The file containing a list of protocols known to the system
and the identification number and one or more aliases for each. You will
rarely, if ever, need to edit this file. The executing program uses the
file named PROTOCOL.NET.SYS.
INCNFSMP.NET.SYS
INETDCNF.NET.SYS
/etc/inetd.conf
The configuration file for the Internet daemon
inetd, which determines which installed Internet Services are
available to users. The executing program uses the file named
/etc/inetd.conf.
INSECSMP.NET.SYS
INETDSEC.NET.SYS
/usr/adm/inetd.sec
The optional security file for inetd, which lets you
control access to individual services by specific nodes. The executing
program uses the file named /usr/adm/inetd.sec.
BPTABSMP.NET.SYS
BOOTPTAB.NET.SYS
/etc/bootptab
The configuration file for the Bootstrap protocol daemon,
bootpd. The executing program uses the file named
/etc/bootptab.
For each individual service you install, you will always edit the
services file and the inetd configuration file. It is unlikely
that you will need to edit the protocols file. The remainder of this chapter
explains the services and protocols file.
Chapter 2 "Internet Daemon" explains working with the
inetd configuration files.