Chapter 5 POSIX/iX Header Descriptions

This chapter describes the contents of the header files provided with the POSIX/iX library. The POSIX.1 extensions are invoked by the _POSIX_SOURCE feature test macro.




	NOTE: The `_POSIX_SOURCE` feature test macro must be specified in your source code before you include any headers described in this chapter.

The header or headers required for each function are specified in the syntax descriptions provided in this manual and in the HP C/iX Library Reference Manual (30026-90001).

To reference a POSIX/iX library header, place the #include preprocessor directive in your source code. The order of inclusion of the header files may be significant. Include the header in the order described in each POSIX/iX library function description.

The syntax for including a header file is:

   #include <headername.h>

By enclosing headername in angle brackets (< >), you instruct the compiler to look for that header in /usr/include.

For example, if you want to use the open() function, your program must specify three headers:

   #include <sys/types.h>

   #include <sys/stat.h>

   #include <fcntl.h>

Header file identifiers beginning with an underscore (_) are reserved for library use. You should not create identifiers that begin with an underscore within your source code.

The following headers are not described in this manual. Like all the headers provided with the MPE/iX Developer's Kit, they are located under the directory /usr/include. You can view them online from the MPE/iX CI using the PRINT command or from the MPE/iX Shell using the cat command.

glob.h
regex.h
wordexp.h

The following table lists each of the POSIX/iX library headers and a brief description of each header. Remaining sections of this chapter describe the contents of the headers not already described in the HP C/iX Library Reference Manual (30026-90001).

Table 5-1 POSIX/iX Library Headers

Header	Description	Description Location
`<assert.h>`	Defines the `assert()` macro.	HP C/iX Library Reference Manual
`<ctype.h>`	Declares macros and functions useful for testing and mapping characters.	HP C/iX Library Reference Manual
`<dirent.h>`	Declares functions and data structures used for managing directories.	This chapter
`<errno.h>`	Declares error variables and defines macros useful for obtaining a more detailed description of a library function error.	This chapter
`<fcntl.h>`	Defines the `creat()`, `fcntl()`, and `open()` functions as well as macros used by these functions.	This chapter
`<float.h>`	Defines macros that describe the floating-point types.	HP C/iX Library Reference Manual
`<limits.h>`	Defines implementation limits for POSIX/iX.	This chapter
`<locale.h>`	Used for localization. Contains macro definitions, function, and type declarations needed to select the desired locale.	HP C/iX Library Reference Manual
`<malloc.h>`	Declares memory management functions, `mallopt()` argument functions, and a structure returned by the `mallinfo()` function. Memory management functions are also declared in `<stdlib.h>`.	HP C/iX Library Reference Manual
`<math.h>`	Contains declarations for the POSIX/iX math library functions, as well as functions in the standard library that return floating-point values. Also defines the structure and constants used by the `matherr` error-handling mechanisms.	HP C/iX Library Reference Manual
`<memory.h>`	Declares several functions useful for manipulating character arrays and other objects treated as character arrays. These functions are also declared in `<string.h>`.	HP C/iX Library Reference Manual
`<mpe.h>`	Declares several types, constants and functions that facilitate MPE operating system interface.	HP C/iX Library Reference Manual
`<search.h>`	Defines the types used with the `hsearch()` and `tsearch()` functions.	HP C/iX Library Reference Manual
`<setjmp.h>`	Declares a type and several functions for bypassing the normal function call and return discipline.	This chapter
`<signal.h>`	Contains declaration used in dealing with conditions that may be reported during program execution.	This chapter
`<stdarg.h>`	Provides a standard method for dealing with variable arguments.	HP C/iX Library Reference Manual
`<stddef.h>`	Defines several macros and types required by ANSI C functions.	HP C/iX Library Reference Manual
`<stdio.h>`	Defines a structure and several functions and macros useful for I/O.	This chapter
`<stdlib.h>`	Declares various ANSI C general utility functions and macros.	HP C/iX Library Reference Manual
`<string.h>`	Declares functions useful for manipulating character arrays and other objects treated as character arrays.	HP C/iX Library Reference Manual
`<sys/stat.h>`	Declares the `chmod()`, `fstat()`, `mkdir()`, `stat()`, and `umask()` functions and their required data types and symbols.	This chapter
`<sys/times.h>`	Contains the definition of the struct `tms`.	HP C/iX Library Reference Manual
`<sys/types.h>`	Defines fundamental types required by POSIX.1 conforming functions.	This chapter
`<sys/wait.h>`	Declares the `wait()` and `waitpid()` functions.	This chapter
`<time.h>`	Declares types, global variables, and functions used for manipulating time.	This chapter
`<unistd.h>`	Defines various miscellaneous POSIX.1 conforming macros and functions. Some of these macros are also declared in `<stdarg.h>`.	This chapter
`<values.h>`	Contains a set of manifest constants, conditionally defined for particular processor architectures.	HP C/iX Library Reference Manual
`<varargs.h>`	Declares types and macros for declaring variable argument functions. See also `<stdarg.h>`.	HP C/iX Library Reference Manual

Chapter 5 POSIX/iX Header Descriptions

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