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Prints the contents of a file. Syntax | |
PRINT filename [OUT=outfile] [START=m] [END=n] [PAGE=p] [;UNN | NUM] [;NONUM] |
Parameters | |
- filename
Actual file name of the file to be printed to $STDLIST,
unless outfile is specified as a destination.
To specify an HFS file, begin the filename with a dot (.) or slash
(/). The filename may specify either
a temporary or a permanent disk file. File equations are ignored unless an asterisk (*)
precedes filename, indicating a backreference. The filename may be $STDIN
or $STDINX. If you do not specify a file name, PRINT
takes its input from $STDINX
and continues to do so until you enter the :EOD
command on a new line. - outfile
Specifies a destination other than $STDLIST
for filename. If filename
has embedded carriage-control characters (CCTL),
PRINT inserts
a blank in place of the CCTL
in the outfile. New files are created
TEMP. File equations
are ignored unless an asterisk (*)
precedes outfile, indicating a backreference.
You must use a file equation to overwrite a permanent file. You must use the ;SAVE
option in the file equation to overwrite a permanent file. If outfile is not interactive with
the user's $STDIN
file, the PAGE
parameter is ignored. (Refer to the FRELATE
intrinsic for additional information on "interactive pair" of files.) To redirect output to the line printer (DEV=LP),
you could use the following commands: FILE PRT;DEV=LP;CCTL
PRINT MYFILE;OUT=*PRT |
Specifies the record number of the first file record to be
displayed. An m is relative to 1. If
m is a negative number, it specifies
a record location relative to the end-of-file, that is, -5 indicates
the fifth record from the end-of-file. Zero is an invalid specification.
Default is the first record of the file. For byte-stream files, the first line (or "record") corresponds
to the bytes from the beginning of the file to the first newline
character, the second line contains bytes between the first newline
character and the second newline character, and so on. - n
Specifies the last record of the file to be displayed.
An n is relative to 1. If n
is a negative number, it specifies a location relative to the end-of-file,
that is, -5 indicates the fifth record from the end-of-file. Zero
is an invalid specification. Default is the last record of the file. | | | |  | NOTE: For byte stream files, you cannot display one or more
records by specifying a negative number with the keywords START=
or END=. If you
try to do so, the result will be unpredictable because the end-of-file
for byte stream files is the total byte count of the file, and not
the number of the last record. | | | | |
- p
Specifies the number of lines to be displayed before
a page break occurs. Default is 23 lines for interactive users and
0 (continuous) for non-interactive users (that is, in a job). Specifying
0 for p suppresses page breaks in the
output and produces continuous output from the beginning to the
end of the file. If filename contains more than
p records and you are working interactively,
the command displays p lines and then
prompts you for a reply indicating whether or not more output is
desired, as follows: NEXT is
the next record number to be printed, and EOF
is the end-of-file value that would be displayed by LISTF <filename>,``2.
If you are reviewing a byte-stream file, NEXT
displays the next logical record, whereas EOF
is the byte count of the file. Table 6-1 “PRINT Command Control” defines the range
of valid responses to control the output.
Table 6-1 PRINT Command Control | Response | Result |
|---|
| Y, Yes | Continue printing at record next | | N, NO,
Break | Stop printing | | -m
(integer) | Continue printing at record next-m | | +m
(integer) | Continue printing at record next+m | | m
(integer) | Continue printing at record m | | other, Return | Continue printing at record next
(default) |
Responses are case insensitive. Note that Return
instructs PRINT
to continue printing. In jobs, no prompt for continuing output is generated. Instead,
a page-eject control character is written to outfile every p
lines. A page value of zero suppresses all page breaks, and filename
is printed from m through n,
inclusive. This is the default for jobs. - UNN
Suppresses line numbering in the display, regardless
of whether the disk file is numbered or unnumbered. UNN
is the default. - NUM
Specifies numbering of the lines as they are displayed.
The numbers appear in front of the line (record) being displayed.
The number displayed is the actual line number for numbered files;
for unnumbered files, relative numbering begins with 1. - NONUM
Requests that trailing digits at the end of each
record in the file be displayed as part of the file content, rather
than being interpreted as line numbers.
Operation Notes | |
This command prints the contents of filename
to the standard list device, unless another destination is specified
with the outfile variable. If an interactive user takes more than HPTIMEOUT
minutes to respond to the page number prompt, MPE/iX terminates
the CI. This occurs only if HPTIMEOUT
has been set to a positive value. In a batch job, in which the filename
defaults to $STDINX,
some MPE/iX commands such as :EOD,
EOF, JOB,
EOJ, and DATA
do not execute as part of the original job when they follow a PRINT
command. For example, if a JOB
command follows a PRINT
command, only those commands preceding PRINT
are executed in the original job, and nothing is printed. The JOB
command following the PRINT
command is taken as the start of a new job, which is then streamed
as a second job. Use | |
This command is available in a session, job, program, or in
BREAK. Pressing Break aborts
the execution of this command. Examples | |
To send the contents of MYFILE
to the line printer, enter the following commands: FILE XXX;DEV=LP
PRINT MYFILE, *XXX |
In this example, the file XXX
is equated with the line printer. Then the file MYFILE
is "printed" to the file *XXX. Use EDIT/V to create the command file TAIL
which prints the last 10 lines of a file: PARM FILE, LAST=10
PRINT !FILE; START = -!LAST |
The first line defines FILE
as a required parameter of the command file and creates an optional
parameter, LAST
the default value of which is 10. The second line instructs the PRINT
command to print the dereferenced value
of FILE (the
value entered by the user). The second line also tells the command
to use the negative of the dereferenced value of LAST
(10 by default) as the starting point for printing (that is, 10
records from the end). To print the last 10 records of the file called MYFILE,
enter: To print the last 45 records of MYFILE,
because entering the value 45 overrides the default value of 10,
enter: PRINT infile;NUM;NONUMwould print the line numbers as in
the case of UNNUMbered files, ie, line numbers starting from 1 for
the first record and so on. PRINT infile;UNN;NONUMPRINT infile;NONUMwould consider the
file as UNNUMbered file even when the file is a NUMbered file and
the print the contents as it is in the file. [UFILEYES is an unnumbered file with trailing 8 characters
as digits. ] PRINT UFILEYES aaaaaaaaaaaa bbbbbbbbbbbb cccccccccccc dddddddddddd eeeeeeeeeeee ffffffffffff gggggggggggg hhhhhhhhhhhh iiiiiiiiiiii jjjjjjjjjjjj kkkkkkkkkkkk llllllllllll | | | | | NOTE: The above file was considered by PRINT to be a numbered
file and thus the trailing 8 bytes are truncated | | | | |
PRINT UFILEYES;NONUM aaaaaaaaaaaa00010001 bbbbbbbbbbbb00010002 cccccccccccc00010003 dddddddddddd00010004 eeeeeeeeeeee00020001 ffffffffffff00020002 gggggggggggg00020003 hhhhhhhhhhhh00020004 iiiiiiiiiiii00030001 jjjjjjjjjjjj00030002 kkkkkkkkkkkk00030003 llllllllllll00030004 HFS Example | |
The following command entry will print the last 10 records
of the file called posix/doc/print.doc
in the current working directory (CWD). PRINT ./posix/doc/print.doc;start=-10 |
Related Information | |
- Commands
FCOPY,
COPY - Manuals
None
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