LINK

Creates an executable program file by merging the relocatable object modules from all the files in its FROM= parameter. Those files may correspond to object files, relocatable files, or a combination of them. It also searches any relocatable libraries mentioned in the RL= parameter list and merges any modules within those libraries that resolve an external reference. (Native Mode)

Syntax

LINK[ FROM=file[ ,file...] [ ;TO=destfile] ]

[ ;RL=rlfile[ ,rlfile...]...]

[ ;XL=xlfile[,xlfile...]...]

[ ;CAP=caplist]

[ ;NMSTACK=nmstacksize]

[ ;NMHEAP=nmheapsize]

[ ;UNSAT=unsatname]

[ ;PARMCHECK=checklevel]

[ ;ENTRY=entryname]

[ ;NODEBUG] [ ;MAP] [;SHOW] [ ;SHARE]

[ ;PRIVLEV=priv_level]

[ ;PRI=pri_level]

[ ;MAXPRI=max_pri_level




	NOTE: This command follows the optional MPE/iX command line syntax. Refer to "Optional Format for MPE/iX Commands" at the beginning of this chapter.

Parameters

file

The name of an object file or a relocatable library file. It may be any binary file of type NMOBJ or NMRL. All relocatable objects in the FROM= specified list are merged to form the program file specified by destfile. If you omit this parameter, LINK merges the object modules in the file $OLDPASS.

The FROM=, RL=, and XL= parameters allow a series of file names. You may name each file individually, or you may provide an indirect file by preceding that file's name with the caret symbol (^).

destfile

The name of the program file (type NMPRG) where LINK places the resulting executable object module. If destfile does not exist, LINK creates a new one for you. If destfile does exist, it is destroyed and replaced by the object module created by the current link operation.

rlfile

The name of a relocatable library file (type NMRL) that resolves an external reference made by an object module in the FROM= file list. LINK searches the relocatable libraries in the RL list in the order in which you list them. If a module from one library calls a routine in another library and then that routine in turn refers to a module in the first library, you may need to include the first library twice so that LINK can resolve this "circular" reference.

xlfile

The name of an executable library (type NMXL). The loader searches every executable library in the XL list in an attempt to resolve external references that remain in a program file.

caplist

The list of capability attributes to be assigned to the program file. The program runs only if the group and account have matching capabilities. (The system manager or account manager assigns these capabilities to your group and account.) Permissible values are:

 BA  =  Local Batch Access
 IA  =  Interactive Access
 PM  =  Privileged Mode
 MR  =  Multiple RINs
 DS  =  Extra Data Segments
 PH  =  Process Handling

If you omit this parameter, the BA and IA capabilities are assigned to the program file by default.

nmstacksize

The maximum size, in bytes, to which the NM stack may grow. This must be a decimal number. The default is zero, which instructs MPE/iX to assign a system-defined constant as the value of nmstacksize.

nmheapsize

The maximum size, in bytes, to which the NM heap may grow. This must be a decimal number. The default is -1, which instructs the command to assign a system-defined constant as the value of nmheapsize.

unsatname

The name of a procedure that the loader substitutes in place of any external reference that cannot be resolved in a program file. If you omit this parameter and any external references remain unresolved, the loader reports a load-time error.

checklevel

An integer specifying the maximum level of checking that LINK performs in binding external references to procedures. All checking levels that are indicated in external references and procedure definitions are reduced (but never increased) to the specified level. If you omit this parameter, LINK sets the value to 3.

Permissible values for checklevel are defined in Table 4-4 “Checklevel Values”.

If the checking level is restricted (reduced) and reportable type errors are detected, they are reported not as errors but as warnings.

Table 4-4 Checklevel Values

0	No parameter check.
1	Check of the symbol type descriptor.
2	Perform Level 1 checking, then check the number of arguments that the import procedure passed against the minimum and maximum range that were declared in the export procedure.
3	Perform Level 2 checking, then check the type of each argument that was passed.

entryname

The name (label) of the point within a program where execution begins. When you omit this parameter, the loader begins execution from the primary program entry point (which corresponds to a program's main procedure or outer block). However, by including the ENTRY= option, you may override this default value and begin execution from the specified entry point. If the loader fails to find a symbol that matches the entry point name, it reports a load-time error.

NODEBUG

Strips all symbolic debugging information from the resulting program file. If you omit this parameter, the file contains debugging information if the source file was compiled with this option.

MAP

Prints a symbol map to the list file, LINKLIST.

SHOW

Displays the name of each object module as it is being merged into the program file. You may include this option to verify the order in which LINK processes each module.

priv_level

Determines the privilege level used by the executable program file. This parameter changes the privilege level of all procedures in the symbol and export tables (of the relocatable object file) that were set during compilation.

The values for priv_level are:

0: system level access
1: unused
2: privileged level access
3: user level access

The default is that privilege levels are set during compilation.

pri_level

Specifies the execution priority that the program will have at run time. The pri_level has to be one of BS, CS, DS, ES, or a number between 100 and 255 inclusive. This value can be overridden by the PRI= keyword on the RUN command.

max_pri_level

Specifies the maximum execution priority that the program can have at run time. The max_pri_level has to be one of BS, CS, DS, ES, or a number between 100 and 255 inclusive.

SHARE

Specifies that data symbols should be exportable and importable (shared) in the resulting executable library.

Operation Notes

The Link Editor uses $STDINX, $STDIN, and $STDLIST as standard files. The Link Editor reads its commands from $STDINX. For interactive sessions this is the terminal keyboard. For a batch job, it is the job stream file.

You can redirect $STDINX to another file. The file must be an unnumbered ASCII file containing valid HP Link Editor/iX commands. Enter a RUN command with the STDIN option. For example, to use the file SCRIPT as the standard input file, enter the command:

RUN LINKEDIT.PUB.SYS;STDIN=SCRIPT

If you start the Link Editor using the LINK command, or if you execute it by passing a command in the INFO string of the RUN command, $STDINX is not used. Instead, the single command is executed and the Link Editor terminates.

The Link Editor writes all prompts, error messages, and other information to $STDLIST. During an interactive session, this is your terminal. For a batch job, the output spoolfile is used.

You can use another device for $STDLIST. Use the RUN command with the STDLIST option. Note that when you do this interactively, the command prompts do not appear on the screen. For example, to send the Link Editor output to the printer:

 FILE LINKOUT;DEV=LP
 RUN LINKEDIT.PUB.SYS;STDLIST=*LINKOUT

Link Editor listings and maps are sent to the file LINKLIST, not to $STDLIST. The listings and maps sent to LINKLIST are:

The symbol map produced by the MAP option of the LINK command.
The listing produced by the LISTPROG command.
The listing produced by the LISTOBJ command.
The listing produced by the LISTRL command.
The listing produced by the MAP option of the ADDXL command.
The listings produced by the LISTXL command.

LINKLIST output goes to $STDLIST. But you can redirect it to another file or device by using the FILE command. To send the listing of the relocatable library LIBRL to the printer:

 FILE LINKLIST;DEV=LP
 LINKEDIT
 LinkEd> LISTRL RL=LIBRL
 LinkEd> EXIT

Use

This command may be issued from a session, job, or program, but not in BREAK. Pressing Break suspends the execution of this command. Entering the RESUME command continues the execution.

Examples

This command merges the object modules from the OBJCODE and places them into the program EXECPROG. It assigns a program stack of 50,000 bytes and requests LINK to build a map and display the name of each object module as it is being linked.

LINK FROM=OBJCODE;TO=EXECPROG;NMSTACK=50000;MAP;SHOW

The following command merges the object modules from the OBJCODE into program file EXECPROG and searches the relocatable libraries LINEDRAW and ARCDRAW to resolve external references. The resulting program file can be executed only in batch mode by anyone with user mode access.

LINK FROM=OBJCODE;TO=EXECPROG;RL=LINEDRAW,ARCDRAW;CAP=BA

To link module A and module MAIN and share data so that the data symbols in the program file myprog can be exported and imported to and from the executable library MYXL, enter:

LINK FROM=A,MAIN; TO=MYPROG; SHARE; RL=LIBCSHR.LIB.SYS; XL=MYXL

Related Information

Commands

RUN, XEQ, LINKEDIT Utility

Manuals

HP Link Editor/XL Reference Manual

HP Link Editor/iX Technical Addendum

LINK

Technical documentation

» Table of Contents

» Index

Syntax

Parameters

Operation Notes

Use

Examples

Related Information