Examples |
 |
#pragma INTRINSIC FOPEN
#pragma INTRINSIC FCLOSE myfclose
#pragma INTRINSIC FCHECK, FGETINFO
#pragma INTRINSIC FWRITE mpe_fwrite, FREAD mpe_fread |
The first example shows how to declare the FOPEN
intrinsic. The second example shows how to declare FCLOSE;
you must call it by the name myfclose
in your program. The third and fourth examples each declare two
intrinsics. The fourth provides alternative names for the intrinsics.
When you designate an external function as an intrinsic, the
compiler refers to a special file (called an intrinsic file) to
determine the function type, the number of parameters, and the type
of each parameter. The compiler then uses this information to perform
the necessary conversions and insertions to invoke the routine,
or to issue warnings and errors if proper invocation is not possible.
Specifically, for intrinsic calls, the HP C compiler does
the following:
Converts all value parameters to the
type expected by the intrinsic function. Conversions are performed
as if an assignment is done from the value to the formal parameter.
This is known as assignment conversion.
If a value cannot be converted, an error message is issued.
Converts addresses passed as reference parameters
to the proper address type. This essentially means that short addresses
are converted to long addresses as required by the intrinsic function.
An integer value of zero is considered a legal value (NULL) for
any address parameter.
Allows missing arguments in the call to the intrinsic
if the intrinsic defines default values for those parameters. The
compiler supplies the default values for the missing arguments,
or issues a diagnostic if there is no defined default value. Missing
arguments are allowed within an argument list or at the end of an
argument list.
Issues an error message if there are too many arguments.
Inserts "hidden" arguments required
by Pascal routines that have ANYVAR parameters (size is hidden),
or that are EXTENSIBLE (parameter count is hidden). See the HP
Pascal Programmer's Guide for more information.
Remember that C does not normally do any parameter counting,
converting, or checking. So, if you attempt to declare an intrinsic
using a standard C declaration rather than using the #pragma INTRINSIC
statement, none of the above checks, conversions, or insertions
are done. The address of an intrinsic can be taken, but if a call
is made using a pointer to the intrinsic, the above checks are not
performed. The intrinsic call then degenerates into a normal C function
call.
To ensure that all calls are handled as expected, the intrinsic
pragma should declare the name of the intrinsic using an identifier
with the identical case that is used by the function calls in the
program, especially if the optional user name is not specified.
No other functions in the program should have the same name as any
intrinsic that is declared, regardless of the case. This is because
the actual run time symbol used to call an intrinsic is not necessarily
the same case as the identifier used to declare that intrinsic.
