The X Window System uses the concept of keysyms to control
the mapping of keys into characters. The set of keysyms for a particular
keyboard is organized into a table called the keymap. To get information
about keyboard mapping or to set the keyboard mapping use the xmodmap
command.
Mapping keyboard for both Extend-char and Meta |
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A common problem reported by people using HP's X Window System
is the conflict between the use of the "extend-char" key to access
the extended characters of "Roman8" or "Latin1" with HP's keyboards
and the use of the "extend-char" key as a Meta key.
The default mapping is that both keys serve both purposes.
However, since HP-UX 9.* it is possible to configure the keyboard
so that one key is used as the "extend-char" key and the other as
the Meta key.
The "xmodmap" command can be used to inquire and set the mapping
for keys on the keyboard. Run the following command.
For a US or West European keyboard in the default state, this
prints:
xmodmap: up to 3 keys per modifier, (keycodes in parentheses):
shift Shift_R (0xc), Shift_L (0xd)
lock Caps_Lock (0x37)
control Control_L (0xe)
mod1 Meta_R (0xa), Meta_L (0xb), Mode_switch (0x36)
mod2
mod3
mod4
mod5 |
The mod1
modifier has entries for both Meta keysyms and for Mode_switch
as well; and this creates a problem. The solution is to use mod2
for Mode_switch and change the Meta_L
key into the Mode_switch
key. To do this, use "xmodmap" and execute the following command:
where mods
contains the following four lines:
remove Mod1 = Meta_L Mode_switch
keysym Mode_switch = NoSymbol
keysym Meta_L = Mode_switch
add Mod2 = Mode_switch |
The entries in the file need to be in this order. Again, type:
The results should be:
xmodmap: up to 3 keys per modifier, (keycodes in parentheses):
shift Shift_R (0xc), Shift_L (0xd)
lock Caps_Lock (0x37)
control Control_L (0xe)
mod1 Meta_R (0xa)
mod2 Mode_switch (0xb)
mod3
mod4
mod5 |
The keyboard then uses the left extend-char key for extended
characters and the right extend-char key for Meta. The client must
be linked against R4 or R5 Xlib for this to work.
Dead Key Compose processing |
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HP's X Window System has supported dead key compose processing
for HP workstations for some time. This capability is now supported
for non-HP servers (workstations and X-terminals) connected to HP
systems.
In this form of compose processing a mute (or dead) key is
struck followed by a second key. The initial key is a diacritic
and the second key is the ASCII character to which the diacritic
is to be applied. The diacritic character must be a special muting
keysym to initiate the dead-key compose processing. The list of
keysym names and the diacritic character to which they apply follows.
keysym name diacritic character
hpmute_acute
hpmute_grave
hpmute_asciicircum ª
hpmute_diaeresis
hpmute_asciitilde ¬
acute
diaeresis |
To find out which muting diacritics are supported by a keyboard
type:
The entries in the third and fourth column of the keymap are
the extend and shift-extend characters.
To set the mute keysyms as they are for HP series 700 terminals
execute:
where mutes
is a file containing the following five lines.
keysym r = r R hpmute_acute
keysym t = t T hpmute_grave
keysym y = y Y hpmute_asciicircum
keysym u = u U hpmute_diaeresis
keysym i = i I hpmute_asciitilde |
This is the default condition for HP's ITF keyboards.
Multi-key Compose processing |
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Since HP-UX 9.*, HP's X Window System supports a form of compose
processing that can be done using only ASCII characters. To use
this form of compose processing, set a keysym to the Multi_key keysym.
For example the "Enter/Print" key on an ITF keyboard could be used
as the Multi_key. To do this, execute the following command:
xmodmap -e keysym Execute = Multi_key |
Then, compose processing can be done by typing the Multi_key
("Print") followed by two other keys. One key should be the ASCII
key that corresponds to one of the diacritic symbols and the other
key should be the ASCII character to which the diacritic should
be applied. The two keys can be typed in any order. For example,
typing "Print ' e" generates a null character. The table of ASCII
characters and the diacritics they are used for follows
ASCII character diacritic character
'
`
^ ª
:
"
~ ¬ |
