This manual presents reference information on the C programming
language, as implemented on HP 9000 computers. It presents information
specific to writing and executing C programs on the HP-UX operating
system. This manual is intended for experienced C programmers who
are familiar with HP computer systems.
Manual Organization
Chapter 1—Introduction: Provides
an introduction to the HP C programming language.
Chapter 2—Lexical Elements: Presents the
lexical elements of HP C, including tokens, keywords, identifiers,
constants, punctuation, and comments.
Chapter 3—Data Types and DeclarationsDescribes
C data types, declarations, type specifiers, storage-class specifiers,
structure and union specifiers, enumerations, type names, and initialization.
Chapter 4—Type ConversionsExplains type
conversions that occur when different data types are used within
a program.
Chapter 5—ExpressionsDescribes how to form
expressions in HP C and includes information on operators and operator
precedence.
Chapter 6—StatementsProvides details on
HP C statements.
Chapter 7—Preprocessing DirectivesDescribes
preprocessor directives that function as compiler control lines.
Chapter 8—C Library FunctionsLists the
header files that define the objects found in each library and describes
how to use library functions.
Chapter 9—Compiling and Running HP C ProgramsDescribes
how to compile and run an HP C program on the HP-UX operating system.
Chapter 10—HP C/HP-UX Implementation TopicsPresents
information specific to programming in C on HP 9000 computers.
Chapter 11—Using IntrinsicsDescribes how
to call the external routines known as intrinsics.
Chapter 12—The Listing FacilityExplains
the listing format of the HP C compiler and describes facilities
that can be used to define characteristics of the format.
Appendix A—Syntax SummarySummarizes the
HP C language syntax.
Related Documents
Refer to the following materials for further information on
C programming.
American National Standard for Information Systems
- Programming Language - C, ANSI/ISO 9899-1990.
HP C Programmer's Guide —
This programming guide explains how to program in HP C and gives
detailed descriptions of storage and alignment, the optimizer, HP
C debugging, and programming for efficiency and portability.
HP-UX Floating-Point Guide —
This manual describes the IEEE floating-point standard, the HP-UX
math libraries on HP 9000 systems, performance tuning related to
floating-point routines, and floating-point coding techniques that
can affect application results.
HP-UX Reference — For HP-UX
10.30 the manpages are available in Instant Information under the
title HP-UX Reference and via the man
command. For HP-UX 10.20 the manpages are available in LaserROM
and via the man
command. They document commands, system calls, subroutine libraries,
file formats, device files, and other HP-UX related topics.
HP-UX Linker and Libraries Online User Guide
— This manual describes programming in general on HP-UX.
For example, it covers linking, loading, shared libraries, and several
other HP-UX programming features.
Conventions
This manual uses a variation of the Backus-Naur form to describe
the HP C language. The language is described in terms of syntactic
categories (nonterminals). Syntax descriptions define the syntactic
categories. The ::= symbol following a syntactic category introduces
its definition. Alternate definitions are listed on separate lines
unless preceded by "one of the following" or an equivalent expression.
A definition of a syntactic category can be recursive. For
example,
expression ::=
assignment-expression
expression, assignment-expression |
The second alternate definition for expression
contains expression. This allows for
expression to consist of any number of
assignment-expressions, separated by
commas.
C statements are described generally, and then each statement
is covered separately. All syntactic categories are fully defined.
Table 2 Convention
Summary
NOTATION | DESCRIPTION |
|---|
(see margin) | Change bars in the margin show where
substantial changes have been made to the manual since the last
edition. |
nonitalics | Within syntax descriptions, nonitalicized
words represent literals. Enter them exactly as shown. This includes
nonitalicized braces and brackets appearing within syntactic descriptions.
Nonitalicized words and punctuation characters appear in computer font.
In the following example, you must provide both the keyword and
the trailing semicolon: |
italics | Within syntax descriptions, italicized
words denote argument names, program names, or strings that you
must replace with an appropriate value. In the following example,
you must replace identifier with the
name of a label you want the program to transfer execution to at
this point: goto identifier; |
[ ] | Within syntax descriptions, italicized
brackets surround optional elements. For example, the expression
in the return
statement is optional: return
[expression]; |
.
.
. | Within examples, vertical ellipses may
show where portions of the example were omitted. |
