Introduction

Table 4-1 “Assembler Directives” lists the Assembler directives. Table 4-2 “Pseudo-Operations” lists the pseudo-operations. The directives include those that establish the procedure-calling convention, declare common, and define spaces and subspaces. The pseudo-operations reserve and initialize data areas.

The remainder of this chapter lists the Assembler directives and pseudo-operations in alphabetic order. Several of the descriptions include sample assembly code sequences. You can enter these short code sequences, assemble them using the -l option of the as command, then inspect the offsets and field values to see how that particular directive controls the assembly environment.

This chapter also includes Table 4-3 “Predefined Subspace Directives ” under “Programming Aids ”, which lists the predefined directives that establish standard spaces and subspaces.

Table 4-1 Assembler Directives

Directive	Function
`.ALIGN`	Forces location counter to the next largest multiple of the supplied alignment value.
`.ALLOW`	Used with a `.LEVEL` directive, it temporarily allows the use of features in the architecture specified in the `.LEVEL` directive.
`.CALL`	Specifies that the next statement is a procedure call.
`.CALLINFO`	Provides information for generating Entry/Exit code sequences and for creating stack unwind descriptors.
`.COMM`	Requests common storage for a specified number of bytes.
`.COPYRIGHT`	Inserts a string into the object module as a copyright notice.
`.END`	Terminates an assembly language program.
`.ENDM`	Marks the end of a macro definition.
`.ENTRY`	Marks the entry point of the current procedure.
`.EQU`	Assigns an expression to an identifier.
`.EXIT`	Marks the return point of the current procedure.
`.EXPORT`	Makes a specified symbol available to other modules.
`.IMPORT`	Specifies that the definition of the given symbol occurs in another module.
`.LABEL`	Permits a label definition to appear within a sequence of directives that occur on a single line.
`.LEVEL`	Makes the object file a PA-RISC 1.1, 2.0, or 2.0W file.
`.LISTOFF`	Controls listing of expanded Assembler instructions.
`.LISTON`	Controls listing of expanded Assembler instructions.
`.LOCCT`	Selects a location counter.
`.MACRO`	Marks the beginning of macro definitions.
`.ORIGIN`	Advances the location counter to a relative location from the beginning of the current subspace.
`.PROC`	Marks the first statement in a procedure.
`.PROCEND`	Marks the last statement in a procedure.
`.REG`	Attaches a type and number to a user-defined register name.
`.SHLIB_VERSION`	Inserts a date string into the object module as a shared-library version identifier.
`.SPACE`	Declares a new space or switches back to a previous space.
`.SUBSPA`	Declares a new subspace or switches back to a previous subspace.
`.VERSION`	Inserts the specified string into the current object module as a user-defined version identification string.

Table 4-2 Pseudo-Operations

Directive	Function
`.BLOCK`	Reserves a block of data storage.
`.BLOCKZ`	Reserves a block of data storage.
`.BYTE`	Reserves 8 bits (a byte) of storage and initializes it to the given value.
`.DOUBLE`	Initializes 64 bits (a double-word) of storage to a floating-point value.
`.DWORD`	Reserves 64 bits (a double word) of storage and initializes it to the given value.
`.ENTER`	Marks a procedure's entry point and generates standard entry code.
`.FLOAT`	Initializes a single-word of storage to a floating-point value.
`.HALF`	Reserves 16 bits (a half word) of storage and initializes it to the given value.
`.LEAVE`	Marks a procedure's exit point and generates standard exit code.
`.SPNUM`	Reserves and initializes a word of storage.
`.STRING`	Reserves the appropriate amount of storage and initializes it to the given string.
`.STRINGZ`	Reserves the appropriate amount of storage and initializes it to the given string.
`.WORD`	Reserves 32 bits (a word) of storage and initializes it to the given value.

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