HP 3000 Manuals

HP COBOL II/XL Reference Manual

DIVIDE Statement 

The DIVIDE statement divides one numeric data item into one or more
others, assigns the result to a data item, and optionally assigns a
remainder to another data item. 

Syntax 

There are five formats of the DIVIDE statement:


            


            

Parameters 

identifier-   names of elementary numeric items, except that those
1,            associated with a GIVING or REMAINDER phrase may be
identifier-   elementary numeric-edited items.
2, and so
forth

literal-1,    numeric literals.
literal-2,
and so forth

Description 

The ROUNDED and SIZE ERROR phrases are described under the heading,
"Common Phrases", in Chapter 8 .

The composite of operands for the DIVIDE statement is determined using
all of the receiving data items of a particular statement except the data
item associated with the REMAINDER phrase.  This composite must not
exceed 18 digits.  Refer to Chapter 8 , under "Arithmetic Expressions"
for details on how to determine the composite of operands.

When format 1 of the DIVIDE statement is used, each identifier following
the INTO keyword is divided, in turn, by the identifier or literal to the
left of the INTO keyword.  Each result is rounded if specified and
necessary, and is then stored in the data item referenced by the
identifier that acted as the dividend in that particular division.

When format 2 is used, the literal or data item specified by the
identifier between the keywords INTO and GIVING is divided by the literal
or data item specified by identifier-1, and the result is stored in each
identifier listed in the GIVING phrase.

When the third format of the DIVIDE statement is used, the data item
specified by identifier-1 or literal-1 is divided by literal-2 or the
contents of identifier-2.  The result is then stored in each identifier
following the GIVING phrase, with rounding being used where specified and
needed.

Formats 4 and 5 can be used to obtain a remainder from a division
operation.  In COBOL, the remainder is defined as the difference between
the product of the quotient and the divisor and the dividend.

For example, in format 4 of the DIVIDE statement:

     DIVIDE A INTO B GIVING C REMAINDER D
            uparrow      uparrow        uparrow
          divisor dividend  quotient

The remainder D has the value determined by multiplying C times A and
subtracting this product from B. Thus, if A=7 and B=16, then C=2 and D=2
because 16-7*2=2.

If identifier-3 (the quotient) is defined as numeric-edited, the quotient
used to calculate the remainder is an internal, intermediate field
containing the unedited quotient.

Also, if the ROUNDED phrase is specified, the quotient used to calculate
the remainder is kept in an intermediate field and is truncated rather
than rounded.

Appropriate decimal alignment and truncation are performed on the
remainder as needed.

When the SIZE ERROR phrase is specified for a format 4 or 5 DIVIDE
statement, and a size error condition occurs for the quotient, the
contents of data items referenced by identifier-3 and identifier-4 are
unchanged.  However, if the size error condition occurs for the remainder
and not the quotient, only the remainder is unchanged.  Identifier-3 
still contains the new quotient.

Example 

     FILE SECTION.
     FD PAY-FILE.
     01 PAY-INFO.
        02 EMP-NAME           PIC X(30).
        02 EMP-NUM            PIC X(9).
        02 PAY                PIC 999V99.
        02 HOURS              PIC 99.
     WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
     77 RATE            PIC 99         VALUE ZERO.
     77 CHECK           PIC V99        VALUE ZERO.
          :
     PROCEDURE DIVISION.
     MAIN-100.
          DIVIDE PAY BY HOURS GIVING RATE REMAINDER CHECK
             ON SIZE ERROR PERFORM SIZE-ERR.
                 :
     SIZE-ERR.
          IF RATE = 0 THEN
             DISPLAY "SIZE ERROR IN RATE USING " PAY, HOURS
          ELSE
             DISPLAY "SIZE ERROR IN CHECK".
               :

The DIVIDE statement above uses format 5.  If a size error occurs, the
SIZE-ERR routine is performed, and a check is made to determine whether
the size error occurred because of RATE or CHECK.

MPE/iX 5.0 Documentation