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Services File

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The services file associates an official service name and alias with the port number and protocol that a service uses. You will edit the services file for each new service that you want to add to your system. The remaining chapters in this book, which describe the configuration of individual services, will assume that you know the following information. And, of course, you can refer back to this section as needed.

Creating and Linking the Services File

You may already have a services file installed on your system. If you know that you have such a file, and it is accessible by the POSIX file name /etc/services you may skip these steps.

If you do not have a services file, follow these steps to create the file and link to it. If you have such a file, but are unsure whether or not it is linked, perform step 2 only.

  1. Create your own services file by using the COPY command to rename the sample file. Enter:

    :COPY SERVSAMP.NET.SYS, SERVICES.NET.SYS

  2. Create a symbolic link from a file named /etc/services in the POSIX name space to SERVICES.NET.SYS. Enter:

    :NEWLINK /etc/services, SERVICES.NET.SYS

Editing the Services File

Use an MPE text editor to edit the file.

  1. Open the services file with an MPE text editor.

    The contents will resemble the following: 

    
 # This file contains the information about the services provided.
 # Copy this file to SERVICES.NET.SYS if that file does not already exist.
 #
 # The form for each entry is:
 # <official service name>    <port number/protocol name>    <aliases>
 #
 # See the Configuring and Managing MPE/iX Internet Services Manual
 # for more information (HP Part No. 32650-90835).
 #
 # Note: The entries cannot be preceded by a blank space.
 #
 echo           7/tcp                 # Echo
 echo           7/udp                 #
 discard        9/tcp  sink null      # Discard
 discard        9/udp  sink null      #
 daytime       13/tcp                 # Daytime
 daytime       13/udp                 #
 chargen       19/tcp  ttytst source  # Character Generator
 chargen       19/udp  ttytst source  #
 ftp           21/tcp
    telnet        23/tcp
 time          37/tcp  timeserver     # Time
 time          37/udp  timeserver     #
 domain        53/tcp  nameserver     # Domain Name Service
 domain        53/udp  nameserver     #
 bootps        67/udp                 # Bootstrap Protocol Server
 bootpc        68/udp                 # Bootstrap Protocol Client
 tftp          69/udp                 # Trivial File Transfer Protocol
 DAServer      987/tcp                # SQL distributed access
 shell         514/tcp  cmd           # Remote command no password used

  2. For the service that you are installing, check the file to see if it has the appropriate entry. (Each chapter in the remainder of this manual has this information.) If not, enter the line in the file using the "Editing Tips" section, next, as a guideline.

    NOTE: For more information on FTP, refer to Installing and Managing HP ARPA File Transfer Protocol Network Manager's Guide or HP ARPA File Transfer Protocol User's Guide.

  3. Save the file and exit the editor program.

Editing Tips

When you are editing the services file, use the following information to enter the information correctly.

  • If you find the line that describes the service you are configuring, but it has been "commented out" (that is, preceded by a pound sign, #), the service has not yet been enabled. To enable it, simply delete the pound sign and any spaces that precede the service name.

  • If you need to type the line into the file:

    • use only lower case characters

    • enter the service name in the first column without any leading spaces

    • separate the individual fields on the line with any number of blanks or tab characters to improve readability



Overview of Internet Services

Protocols File