address
family | The address
format used to interpret addresses specified in socket operations.
The internet address family (AF_INET) and the Berkeley UNIX Domain
address family (AF_UNIX) are supported. |
addressing | A means
of labeling a socket so that it is distinguishable from other sockets
on a host. |
association | A BSD Sockets
connection is defined by an association. An AF_INET association
contains the (protocol, local address, local port, remote address,
remote port)-tuple. An AF_UNIX association contains the (protocol,
local address, peer address)-tuple. Associations must be unique;
duplicate associations on the same host cannot exist. The tuple
is created when the local and remote socket addresses are bound
and connected. This means that the association is created in two
steps, and there is a chance that two potential associations could
be alike between steps. The host prevents duplicate associations
by checking for uniqueness of the tuple at connection time, and
reporting an error if the tuple is not unique. |
binding | Before
a socket can be accessed across the network, it must be bound to
an address. Binding associates a socket address with a socket and
makes the socket accessible to other sockets on the network. Once
a socket address is bound, other sockets can connect to the socket
and send data to or receive data from it. |
channel | Communication
path created by establishing a connection between sockets. |
communication
domain | A set of
properties that describes the characteristics of processes communicating
through sockets. The internet (AF_INET) address
family domain is supported. The UNIX Domain
(AF_UNIX)
address family domain
is also supported, for local communication only. |
internet
address | A four-byte
address that identifies a node on the network. |
message | The data
sent in one UDP packet. |
packet | A
message or data unit that is transmitted between communicating processes. |
peer | The
remote process with which a process communicates. |
port | An
address within a host that is used to differentiate between multiple
sockets with the same internet address. You can use port address
values 1024 through 65535. (Port addresses 1 through 1023 are reserved
for the super-user.) |
protocols | Two internet
transport layer protocols
can be used with BSD Sockets. They are TCP, which implements
stream sockets, and UDP, which implements
datagram sockets. |
socket | Sockets
are communication endpoints. A pair of connected sockets provides
an interface similar to that of HP-UX pipes. A socket is identified
by a socket descriptor. |
socket
address | For the
internet address family (AF_INET),
the socket address consists of the internet address,
port address and address family of a socket. The internet and port
address combination allows the network to locate a socket. For UNIX
Domain (AF_UNIX),
the socket address is
the directory pathname bound to the socket. |
socket
descriptor | A socket
descriptor is an HP-UX file descriptor that references a socket
instead of an ordinary file. Therefore, it can be used for reading,
writing, or most standard file system calls after a BSD Sockets
connection is established. System calls that use file descriptors
(e.g. read,
write, select)
can be used with socket descriptors. All BSD Sockets functions use
socket descriptors as arguments. |
TCP | Provides
the
underlying communication support for stream sockets. The Transmission
Control Protocol (TCP) is used to implement reliable, sequenced,
flow-controlled two-way communication based on byte streams similar
to pipes. Refer to the tcp(7p)
man page for more information on TCP. |
UDP | Provides
the
underlying communication support for datagram sockets. The User
Datagram Protocol (UDP) is an unreliable protocol. A process receiving
messages on a datagram socket could find messages are duplicated,
out-of-sequence, or missing. Messages retain their record boundaries
and are sent as individually addressed packets. There is no concept
of a connection between the communicating sockets. Refer to the
udp(7p) man page for more information
on UDP. |
UNIX
Domain Protocol | In addition,
the UNIX Domain protocol may be used with AF_UNIX sockets for interprocess
communication on the same node. Refer to the unix(7p)
man page for more information on the UNIX Domain protocol. |
