HP 3000 Manuals

COBOL/HP-UX Operating Guide for the Series 700 and 800

Directives for Compiler/Generator (cont.) 

PROFILE 

Includes code in your program to produce detailed performance statistics
each time you run the program.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

None

Default: 

NOPROFILE

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

No

See Chapter 7 , Running for details of the profiler facility.

PROGID-COMMENT 

Allows comments following the program-id in the PROGRAM-ID paragraph.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

None

Default: 

NOPROGID-COMMENT

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Initial

This directive is provided for compatibility with earlier versions of
this product.

QUAL 

Allows qualified data-names and procedure-names in your program.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

None

Default: 

QUAL

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Any

If you have no qualified data-names or procedure-names in your source
code, you can specify NOQUAL. This improves compilation speed.

QUALPROC 

Allows qualified procedure-names in your program.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

None

Default: 

QUALPROC

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Any

If you have no qualified procedure-names in your source code, you can
specify NOQUALPROC. This improves compilation speed.  If you have
qualified data-names but no qualified procedure-names, you should specify
QUAL and NOQUALPROC.

For ANSI conformance you must specify QUALPROC.

QUERY 

Makes the compiler ask, each time it is unable to find a COPY-file, what
it should do.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

None

Default: 

NOQUERY

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Any

With QUERY, if the compiler cannot find a COPY-file you are asked whether
you want to stop the compilation, retry the search for the COPY-file,
produce an error message and continue, or alter the path-name.

With NOQUERY, the compiler simply produces an error message and
continues.

QUOTE 

Makes the compiler interpret the figurative constant QUOTE as the
double-quote character (").

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

None

Default: 

QUOTE

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

No

The opposite of this directive is the directive APOST which causes the
single-quotation mark character (') to be used.

RDW 

Allows you to find out the length of a record that has just been read
from a variable-length sequential file.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

None

Default: 

NORDW

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Any

If you specify the RDW directive, a four byte record-length field is
allocated immediately before the record area for the file.  After a READ,
the length (in binary) of the record just read is put in the first two
bytes of this field.  The length returned includes the record-length
field itself, so is four bytes longer than the actual record length.

You can access this field by defining the record area as a table, and
using negative or zero subscripting.  For example:

     fdfile-1.
     01  rec-1                       pic x(100).

     01  rec-2.
         03  rdw-table               pic x(4)  occurs 25.

     working-storage section.
     01  rdw-area.
         03  rec-length              pic 9(4)        comp.
         03  filler                  pic 9(4)        comp.

     procedure division.
         read file-1
         move rdw-table (0) to rdw-area

The RDW directive is intended only for mainframe compatibility; for new
programs you should use the RECORD IS VARYING DEPENDING ON phrase of the
FD statement.

RECMODE 

Specifies the default format of files.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

format               F, V, or OSVS.

Default: 

RECMODE "F"

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Initial

The possible values of format are:

F                     Fixed length record format

V                     Variable length record format

OSVS                  Fixed or variable depending on a file's record
                      definitions.  If all record definitions for the
                      file have the same length and are fixed length, the
                      file will be in fixed length record format.
                      Otherwise it will be in variable length record
                      format

                      This setting is compatible with OS/VS COBOL and
                      DOS/VS COBOL. When compiled with their CMPR2
                      directive, both VS COBOL II and COBOL/370 are also
                      compatible with RECMODE"OSVS".  For compatibility
                      with VS COBOL II and COBOL/370, when compiled with
                      NOCMPR2, you must instead specify RECMODE"F".

For an individual file this directive is overridden if the FD contains
either a RECORD IS VARYING phrase (which specifies variable format) or a
RECORDING MODE clause.

REF 

Makes the compiler include in the source listing the intermediate code
address of each data item or Procedure Division statement.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

None

Default: 

NOREF

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Any

The address is four digits long and appears on the right-hand side.

If the current value for the line width setting is less than 90 when REF
is specified, LW "90" is also specified.

Using both source and object code listings together, you can identify the
code generated for each line of source code.  This directive can also be
useful in determining the locations reported in run-time error messages.

REFNO 

Makes the compiler display its internal reference number at the start of
a compilation as well as at the bottom of every listing.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

None

Default: 

NOREFNO

Phase: 

Compile

$SET:No 

Either the VERBOSE or CONFIRM directive must also be set for the REFNO
directive to have any effect.

REMOVE 

Removes words from the reserved word list, so that they can be used as
user-defined words.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

rsv-word             A reserved word

Default: 

No reserved words are removed

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Initial

This directive does not appear in the list created with the SETTING
directive.  The only words you cannot remove are those used to name and
reference special registers.

RESEQ 

Makes the compiler produce line numbers.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

None

Default: 

RESEQ

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Initial

These are COBOL line sequence numbers, starting at 1 and increasing in
increments of 1.

RETRYLOCK 

Specifies that when a READ statement finds that a record is locked the
read operation is to be retried repeatedly until the record is available.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

None

Default: 

NORETRYLOCK

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Any

For the RETRYLOCK directive to be effective the +R run-time switch must
be set.  This restriction does not apply if the RETRYLOCK directive is
set as a result of setting the RM directive.

REWRITE-LS 

Allows REWRITE statements on line sequential files.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

None

Default: 

REWRITE-LS

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

No

You must make sure that the record you write is the same size as the one
it replaces.

RM 

Specifies that words reserved in Ryan-McFarland COBOL V2.0 are to be
regarded as reserved words, and changes the behavior of certain features
to be compatible with that product.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

ANSI                 See below

Default: 

NORM

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Initial

With the ANSI parameter these features behave as they do when a program
is compiled in that system with the ANSI switch set.  See your Language 
Reference.  The ANSI parameter also sets SEQUENTIAL"RECORD"; if this
parameter is not present it sets SEQUENTIAL"LINE".

The RM directive sets:  NOTRUNC, OLDINDEX, NOOPTIONAL-FILE, ALIGN"2", and
RETRYLOCK.

Specifying NORM sets:  ALIGN"8" SEQUENTIAL"RECORD" NOOLDINDEX,
TRUNC"ANSI", OPTIONAL-FILE, and NORETRYLOCK. These are not necessarily
the default settings, and they are not set by setting this directive to
its default.

RNIM 

Causes Animator to be invoked instead of the compiler.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

None

Default: 

NORNIM

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

No

The effect is as if you had invoked Animator in the normal way.

You must have already compiled the program using the ANIM directive to
prepare it for animation.

You can use Animator directives with RNIM. See Appendix F , Directives 
for Animator for details.

With RNIM, no object file is produced by default.

RTNCODE-SIZE 

Specifies the size of the RETURN-CODE special register and its alignment
in memory.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

integer              2 or 4

Default: 

RTNCODE-SIZE "2"

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Initial

The possible values of integer are:

2                     PIC S9(4) COMP: size two bytes, aligned on a
                      two-byte boundary

4                     PIC S9(8) COMP: size four bytes, aligned on a
                      four-byte boundary

If a program with a four-byte RETURN-CODE calls a program with a two-byte
RETURN-CODE, then on return the value from the called program is in the
lower two bytes of the four-byte RETURN CODE. The content of the upper
two-bytes is undefined.

If a program with a two-byte RETURN-CODE calls a program with a four-byte
RETURN-CODE, then on return the lower two bytes of the value from the
called program are in the two-byte RETURN-CODE. The content of the upper
two bytes is lost.

SAA 

Specifies that words reserved under the Systems Application Architecture
(SAA) definition of COBOL are to be treated as reserved words.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

level                An integer specifying the level of SAA support
                     required

Default: 

NOSAA

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Initial

The possible values of level are:

1                     SAA level 1 supported

2                     SAA level 2 supported

Specifying SAA with no parameters is the same as specifying SAA"2".

SAA also enables the DBCS"2" and DBSPACE directives.

SEG 

Turns on COBOL segmentation.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

None

Default: 

SEG

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Initial

SEQCHK 

Makes the compiler check the sequence numbers in columns 1 through 6 and
identify source lines that are out of sequence.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

None

Default: 

NOSEQCHK

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Any

SEQUENTIAL 

Specifies the default file type for files defined (implicitly or
explicitly) as ORGANIZATION SEQUENTIAL.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

type                 ADVANCING, ANSI, LINE or RECORD

Default: 

SEQUENTIAL "RECORD"

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Initial

The possible values of type are:

ADVANCING RECORD SEQUENTIAL with LINE ADVANCING

ANSI                  ANSI-conforming RECORD SEQUENTIAL file output

LINE                  LINE SEQUENTIAL

RECORD                RECORD SEQUENTIAL (a standard SEQUENTIAL file).

SETTING 
SETTINGS 

Makes the compiler include in the source listing a list of the settings
of directives.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

None

Default: 

NOSETTING

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

No

A few directives provided only for compatibility with other COBOL systems
are not shown.  Directives that control code generation, that make
specific changes to the reserved word list, or that specify other
directives are also not shown.

The directives list is produced before processing the program source, so
any directives in $SET statements in the program are not shown.

SHOW-DIR 

Makes the compiler show the contents of directives files in the source
listing.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

None

Default: 

NOSHOW-DIR

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Any

A directives file means cobol.dir or a file that appears in a DIRECTIVES
or USE directive.  For the contents of cobol.dir to appear in the source
listing, SHOW-DIR must be specified at the start of cobol.dir, as this
file is processed before any other directive.

You can use SHOW-DIR and NOSHOW-DIR selectively so that only parts of the
directives file are output to the listing.

SIGN 

Specifies whether, for numeric DISPLAY items with included signs, the
signs are to be interpreted according to the ASCII or EBCDIC convention.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

convention           Either ASCII or EBCDIC

Default: 

SIGN "ASCII"

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Initial

SPZERO 

Causes space characters in numeric data items of USAGE DISPLAY to be
treated as zeros in native code.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

None

Default: 

NOSPZERO

Phase: 

Both

$SET: 

Initial

With NOSPZERO, space characters in numeric data items give unpredictable
results.

SQL 

This directive is reserved for use on other environments.  Do not change
its setting.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

dbman                Specifies which database manager/ requester to use

Default: 

NOSQL

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Initial

SQLACCESS 

This directive is reserved for use on other environments.  Do not change
its setting.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

access-plan          The root of a file-name, or a null string

Default: 

NOSQLACCESS

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Initial

SQLBIND 

This directive is reserved for use on other environments.  Do not change
its setting.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

bindfile-name        A full file specification or a null string

Default: 

NOSQLBIND

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Initial

SQLBLOCK 

This directive is reserved for use on other environments.  Do not change
its setting.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

block-mode           The blocking mode to be used

Default: 

SQLBLOCK "UNAMBIG"

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Initial

SQLDB 

This directive is reserved for use on other environments.  Do not change
its setting.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

database-name        An alphanumeric string obeying the rules for a
                     Database Manager database name

Default: 

NOSQLDB

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Initial

SQLDB2 

This directive is reserved for use on other environments.  Do not change
its setting.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

None

Default: 

NOSQLDB2

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Initial

SQLFORMAT 

This directive is reserved for use on other environments.  Do not change
its setting.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

date-format          Identifies the format to use

Default: 

SQLFORMAT "LOC"

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Initial

SQLINIT 

This directive is reserved for use on other environments.  Do not change
its setting.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

mode                 Specifies whether the database is to be used in
                     shared or exclusive mode

Default: 

NOSQLINIT

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Initial

SQLISOLATION 

This directive is reserved for use on other environments.  Do not change
its setting.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

isol-level           The isolation level to use

Default: 

SQLISOLATION "CS"

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Initial

SQLNOT 

This directive is reserved for use on other environments.  Do not change
its setting.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

integer              The ASCII value, in decimal, of the character to use

Default: 

SQLNOT "170"

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Initial

SQLPASS 

This directive is reserved for use on other environments.  Do not change
its setting.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

password             An alphanumeric string obeying the rules for a
                     database password

Default: 

NOSQLPASS

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Initial

SQLPRE 

This directive is reserved for use on other environments.  Do not change
its setting.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

None

Default: 

NOSQLPRE

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Initial

SQLPROT 

This directive is reserved for use on other environments.  Do not change
its setting.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

None

Default: 

NOSQLPROT

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Initial

STICKY-LINKAGE 

This directive is reserved for use on other environments.  Do not change
its setting.

Syntax: 


            

Parameters: 

integer              Either 1 or 2

Default: 

NOSTICKY-LINKAGE

Phase: 

Compile

$SET: 

Initial

You can call a program via different entry-points that expect different
parameters.  When a Linkage Section record is used as a parameter in a
called program, it is linked to the corresponding data item in the
calling program.  This directive causes such links to remain during
subsequent calls of the called program, so that the record can be
accessed during subsequent calls even if they are via entry-points that
do not use it as a parameter.

For example, in the calling program:

     call "entry-1" using hourly-rate employee
     call "entry-2"                  * >sticky-linkage"1" or "2"

     call "entry-1" using hourly-rate  * >sticky-linkage"2" only

In the called program:

     entry "entry-1" using hourly-rate employee.
     display hourly-rate
     display employee
     exit program.

     entry "entry-2".
     display hourly-rate
     exit program.

STICKY-LINKAGE with no parameters is equivalent to STICKY-LINKAGE"2".

If you specify STICKY-LINKAGE"1", the called program fills in any
parameters not specified in the ENTRY...  USING phrase.  Thus, the
DISPLAY HOURLY-RATE statement will work correctly for all three CALL
statements, but DISPLAY EMPLOYEE will cause run-time error 203 (CALL
parameter not supplied (fatal)) on the third call.

If you specify STICKY-LINKAGE"2", the called program fills in any
parameter not actually passed by the caller.  The caller must be a COBOL
program.  Thus, the DISPLAY EMPLOYEE statement will now work correctly
for the third call, as well as the first.

If you specify NOSTICKY-LINKAGE, the second and third calls will cause
run-time error 203 (CALL parameter not supplied (fatal)).

MPE/iX 5.0 Documentation