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Chapter 5 POSIX/iX Header Descriptions This chapter describes the contents of the header files provided with the POSIX/iX library. The POSIX.1 extensions are invoked by the _POSIX_SOURCE feature test macro.
NOTE The _POSIX_SOURCE feature test macro must be specified in your source code before you include any headers described in this chapter.
The header or headers required for each function are specified in the syntax descriptions provided in this manual and in the HP C/iX Library Reference Manual (30026-90001). To reference a POSIX/iX library header, place the #include preprocessor directive in your source code. The order of inclusion of the header files may be significant. Include the header in the order described in each POSIX/iX library function description. The syntax for including a header file is: #include <headername.h> By enclosing headername in angle brackets (< >), you instruct the compiler to look for that header in /usr/include. For example, if you want to use the open() function, your program must specify three headers: #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <fcntl.h> Header file identifiers beginning with an underscore (_) are reserved for library use. You should not create identifiers that begin with an underscore within your source code. The following headers are not described in this manual. Like all the headers provided with the MPE/iX Developer's Kit, they are located under the directory /usr/include. You can view them online from the MPE/iX CI using the PRINT command or from the MPE/iX Shell using the cat command. * glob.h * regex.h * wordexp.h The following table lists each of the POSIX/iX library headers and a brief description of each header. Remaining sections of this chapter describe the contents of the headers not already described in the HP C/iX Library Reference Manual (30026-90001). Table 5-1. POSIX/iX Library Headers ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | Header | Description | Description | | | | Location | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <assert.h> | Defines the assert() macro. | HP C/iX Library | | | | Reference Manual | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <ctype.h> | Declares macros and functions useful for testing | HP C/iX Library | | | and mapping characters. | Reference Manual | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <dirent.h> | Declares functions and data structures used for | This chapter | | | managing directories. | | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <errno.h> | Declares error variables and defines macros useful | This chapter | | | for obtaining a more detailed description of a | | | | library function error. | | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <fcntl.h> | Defines the creat(), fcntl(), and open() functions | This chapter | | | as well as macros used by these functions. | | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <float.h> | Defines macros that describe the floating-point | HP C/iX Library | | | types. | Reference Manual | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <limits.h> | Defines implementation limits for POSIX/iX. | This chapter | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <locale.h> | Used for localization. Contains macro definitions, | HP C/iX Library | | | function, and type declarations needed to select | Reference Manual | | | the desired locale. | | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <malloc.h> | Declares memory management functions, mallopt() | HP C/iX Library | | | argument functions, and a structure returned by the | Reference Manual | | | mallinfo() function. Memory management functions | | | | are also declared in <stdlib.h>. | | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <math.h> | Contains declarations for the POSIX/iX math library | HP C/iX Library | | | functions, as well as functions in the standard | Reference Manual | | | library that return floating-point values. Also | | | | defines the structure and constants used by the | | | | matherr error-handling mechanisms. | | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <memory.h> | Declares several functions useful for manipulating | HP C/iX Library | | | character arrays and other objects treated as | Reference Manual | | | character arrays. These functions are also | | | | declared in <string.h>. | | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <mpe.h> | Declares several types, constants and functions | HP C/iX Library | | | that facilitate MPE operating system interface. | Reference Manual | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <search.h> | Defines the types used with the hsearch() and | HP C/iX Library | | | tsearch() functions. | Reference Manual | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table 5-1. POSIX/iX Library Headers (cont.) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | Header | Description | Description | | | | Location | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <setjmp.h> | Declares a type and several functions for bypassing | This chapter | | | the normal function call and return discipline. | | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <signal.h> | Contains declaration used in dealing with | This chapter | | | conditions that may be reported during program | | | | execution. | | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <stdarg.h> | Provides a standard method for dealing with | HP C/iX Library | | | variable arguments. | Reference Manual | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <stddef.h> | Defines several macros and types required by ANSI C | HP C/iX Library | | | functions. | Reference Manual | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <stdio.h> | Defines a structure and several functions and | This chapter | | | macros useful for I/O. | | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <stdlib.h> | Declares various ANSI C general utility functions | HP C/iX Library | | | and macros. | Reference Manual | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <string.h> | Declares functions useful for manipulating | HP C/iX Library | | | character arrays and other objects treated as | Reference Manual | | | character arrays. | | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <sys/stat.h> | Declares the chmod(), fstat(), mkdir(), stat(), and | This chapter | | | umask() functions and their required data types and | | | | symbols. | | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <sys/times.h> | Contains the definition of the struct tms. | HP C/iX Library | | | | Reference Manual | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <sys/types.h> | Defines fundamental types required by POSIX.1 | This chapter | | | conforming functions. | | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <sys/wait.h> | Declares the wait() and waitpid() functions. | This chapter | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <time.h> | Declares types, global variables, and functions | This chapter | | | used for manipulating time. | | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <unistd.h> | Defines various miscellaneous POSIX.1 conforming | This chapter | | | macros and functions. Some of these macros are | | | | also declared in <stdarg.h>. | | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <values.h> | Contains a set of manifest constants, conditionally | HP C/iX Library | | | defined for particular processor architectures. | Reference Manual | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | <varargs.h> | Declares types and macros for declaring variable | HP C/iX Library | | | argument functions. See also <stdarg.h>. | Reference Manual | | | | | -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------