HP 3000 Manuals HP 3000 Manuals
Managing Types of Volume Sets
Disk management includes knowing types of volume sets, system and
nonsystem, and being able to create volume set account structures. With
disk management, you can manage disk space to maximize efficiency and be
able to reinitialize a disk volume when it becomes obsolete.
The operating system requires the presence of the system volume set
MPEXL_SYSTEM_VOLUME_SET to boot and run the system. You may also define
other volume sets, called nonsystem volume sets. You can boot the system
and use it even when nonsystem volume sets have been removed.
Some differences between the system and nonsystem volume sets are
important to remember.
Table 9-1. System and Nonsystem Volume Sets
-------------------------------------------------------------
| | |
| System Volume Set | Nonsystem Volume Set |
| | |
-------------------------------------------------------------
| | |
| Name must be | Name can be whatever you |
| MPEXL_SYSTEM_VOLUME_SET | wish, 32 or fewer |
| | alphanumeric characters. |
| | |
-------------------------------------------------------------
| | |
| Always mounted when the system | Does not need to be |
| is running. May be partially | mounted when the system |
| mounted. | is running. |
| | |
-------------------------------------------------------------
| | |
| Allows permanent and transient | Allows permanent storage |
| storage. | only. |
| | |
-------------------------------------------------------------
| | |
| Master contains system image | Partitions user data |
| and configuration. | into separate entities. |
| | |
-------------------------------------------------------------
| | |
| Master must be present to boot | Requires the master to |
| the system. | be present to use the |
| | set. |
| | |
-------------------------------------------------------------
| | |
| Master contains XM log file. | Master contains XM log |
| | file. |
| | |
-------------------------------------------------------------
It is also helpful to remember these features of volume sets:
* Every volume set has a master volume, which is the only volume
needed to define a volume set. It contains the configuration
data, the root directory, a free space map, file label table, and
a volume label with a unique volue set ID for the volume set.
* Nonsystem volume sets are sometimes called mountable volume sets
since they are not required for the system to run.
* Transient storage is disk space used by the operating system.
* Permanent storage is disk space reserved for user and operating
system files and programs. Nonsystem volumes should only have
permanent storage. No percentage of the volume should be
allocated to transient storage.
* You may use VOLUTIL to add additional system and nonsystem volumes
while the system is running. Refer to the Volume Management
Reference Manual (32650-90045) for more information.
To manage master and member volumes
The definition of a volume set is stored on the master volume rather than
in a system table on the system volume set; the system only has
information about mounted volume sets. The master volume of a volume set
must be mounted before you can access files on other volumes in the set.
Figure 9-1 shows a master volume with two member volumes in the volume
set named PROD.
![[]](../../pic3k/M012946/FFN283c50.gif)
Figure 9-1. Master and Member Volumes
LDEV 1 is the disk pack or master volume of the system volume set,
MPEXL_SYSTEM_VOLUME_SET. It must be mounted for the operating system to
function.
A volume set name can contain up to 32 characters, including letters,
numbers, underbar characters, and periods. The first character must be
alphabetic.
A file cannot be spread across or span multiple volume sets. All volumes
in a volume set should be mounted at the same time.
Accounts can span volume sets, but a group is contained within one volume
set known as the home volume set. All groups have a home volume set (see
the LISTGROUP command) that specifies on which volume set the files of
any given group are to be found. A file's extents may be spread across
the volumes within a volume set.
A class is a group of volumes within a volume set used to partition data.
Files can be restricted to a particular volume class or volume by using
the HPFOPEN intrinsic or the :BUILD command (with the ;DEV parameter.)
Refer to the MPE/iX Intrinsics Reference Manual (32650-90028) for more
information. Figure 8-2 illustrates an example of data partitioning with
classes. A class name can contain up to 32 characters, including
letters, numbers, underbar characters, and periods. The first character
must be alphabetic.
![[]](../../pic3k/M012946/FFN293c50.gif)
Figure 9-2. Data Partitioning with Classes
Using classes is optional. When you create a new volume set, volume
management assigns all volumes in the set to the default class DISC. You
can specify another class, but the DISC class is necessary for MPE V/E
and MPE/iX compatibility.
To display information about all mounted volumes
You can use CI command DSTAT within VOLUTIL to display information on all
mounted volumes. To use it, enter a colon before entering DSTAT at the
VOLUTIL prompt.
DSTAT has the following parameters:
DSTAT [ldev]
[ALL ]
To check nonsystem volumes.
To use VOLUTIL to display the status of nonsystem volumes, enter:
volutil::DSTAT
You'll see each volume listed by its LDEV number and type, something like
the information in Example 9-1, below, which shows the status of three
volumes.
_____________________________________________________________________
| |
| |
| :dstat |
| LDEV-TYPE STATUS VOLUME (VOLUME SET - GEN) |
| ---------- -------- ----------------------------- |
| 3- 079370 MASTER MEMBER1 (DISKDUMP_VOLUME_SET-0) |
| 4- 079370 MEMBER MEMBER2 (DISKDUMP_VOLUME_SET-0) |
| 5- 079370 SCRATCH |
| 14- 079370 SCRATCH |
| |
_____________________________________________________________________
Example 9-1. Displaying Volume States
The following list defines the five status categories you may see when
you issue the DSTAT command:
MASTER An accessible volume that contains volume set definition and
data.
MEMBER An accessible volume that contains only data.
LONER An inaccessible volume that is closed or has no master. A
volume has loner status if its master is not mounted, if it has
been taken offline with the VSCLOSE command, or if it is a
duplicate of another volume that is currently online.
SCRATCH An inaccessible volume that is marked as having no valid data.
UNKNOWN An inaccessible volume that is uninitialized or has an
unrecognizable label. A volume has an unknown status if it
does not have a label that the operating system can recognize.
The volume could be a new disk pack, a volume that has been
formatted, or a disk pack from another system. For example, if
an MPE V/E private volume is mounted on an MPE/iX system, it is
not recognized and is given an unknown status. You can
initialize a volume that has an unknown status.
To check nonsystem volumes.
To use VOLUTIL to display the status of nonsystem volumes, enter a colon
(:) and the command DSTAT at the volutil prompt:
volutil::DSTAT
You'll see each volume listed by its LDEV number and type, something like
the information in Example 9-1, below, which shows the status of three
volumes.
_____________________________________________________________________
| |
| |
| :dstat |
| LDEV-TYPE STATUS VOLUME (VOLUME SET - GEN) |
| ---------- -------- ----------------------------- |
| 3- 079370 MASTER MEMBER1 (DISKDUMP_VOLUME_SET-0) |
| 4- 079370 MEMBER MEMBER2 (DISKDUMP_VOLUME_SET-0) |
| 5- 079370 SCRATCH |
| 14- 079370 SCRATCH |
| |
_____________________________________________________________________
Example 9-1. Displaying Volume States
To check all volumes.
To check the status of both system and nonsystem volumes on the system,
enter a colon (:) and the DSTAT ALL command at the volutil prompt.
volutil:DSTAT ALL
DSTAT displays information about volumes that are mounted. If you have
defined a volume but not initialized it, it will not appear in the
display.
___________________________________________________________________
| |
| |
| volutil: :dstat all |
| |
| LDEV-TYPE STATUS VOLUME (VOLUME SET - GEN) |
| --------- ------ ------------------------------------ |
| 1-079350 MASTER MEMBER1 (MPEXL_SYSTEM_VOLUME_SET-0) |
| 2-079350 MEMBER MEMBER2 (MPEXL_SYSTEM_VOLUME_SET-0) |
| 3-079350 MEMBER MEMBER3 (MPEXL_SYSTEM_VOLUME_SET-0) |
| 18-079350 MASTER PRODMASTER (PROD-0) |
| 25-079350 MEMBER PRODMEMBER1 (PROD-0) |
| |
___________________________________________________________________
Figure 9-3. Displaying Mounted Volume Information