HP 3000 Manuals HP 3000 Manuals
HP 3000 Computer Systems HP FORTRAN 77/iX Reference HP Part No. 31501-90010 Printed in U.S.A. Edition E0692 Fourth Edition
________________________________________________________________________ |The information contained in this document is subject to change | |without notice. | | | |HEWLETT-PACKARD MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND WITH REGARD TO THIS | |MATERIAL, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF | |MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Hewlett-Packard | |shall not be liable for errors contained herein or use of this | |material. | | | |Hewlett-Packard assumes no responsibility for the use or reliability | |of its software on equipment that is not furnished by Hewlett-Packard.| | | |This document contains proprietary information which is protected by | |copyright. All rights are reserved. No part of this document may be | |photocopied, reproduced, or translated to another language without the| |prior written consent of Hewlett-Packard Company. | ________________________________________________________________________ Copyright (c) 1988, 1989, 1990, 1992 by Hewlett-Packard Company Printed June 1992 Printing History The following table lists the printings of this document, together with the respective release dates for each edition. The software version indicates the version of the software product at the time this document was issued. Many product releases do not require changes to the document. Therefore, do not expect a one-to-one correspondence between product releases and document editions. Edition Date Software Version --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- First Edition October 1988 31501A.02.00 Second Edition October 1989 31501A.03.05 Third Edition December 1990 31501A.04.11 Fourth Edition June 1992 31501A.04.31 Preface This is the reference manual for the HP FORTRAN 77 programming language as it is implemented on the MPE/iX operating system. This manual assumes that the reader has been trained in the FORTRAN language and knows FORTRAN programming techniques. For MPE/iX only, this manual replaces the following two manuals: * HP FORTRAN 77 Reference Manual (5957-4685) * HP FORTRAN 77/XL Reference Manual Supplement (31501-90001) The information previously contained in the reference manual and supplement is now contained in this manual. Chapter Summary This manual is organized into the following chapters: chapter 1 Introduces the vocabulary and structure of HP FORTRAN 77. It includes an example source file. chapter 2 Describes fundamental parts of the HP FORTRAN 77 language. It identifies the character set, defines keywords and symbolic names, and describes data types. chapter 3 Describes each statement in the HP FORTRAN 77 language. chapter 4 Describes the HP FORTRAN 77 input/output statements in detail. It defines all format descriptors and includes examples of their use. chapter 5 Describes file formats and related I/O topics. chapter 6 Describes some fundamentals of using HP FORTRAN 77 under this operating system, such as how to invoke the compiler and linker. chapter 7 Provides descriptions of the compiler directives available in HP FORTRAN 77 under this operating system. chapter 8 Describes the interface between HP FORTRAN 77 and other languages, as well as with the operating system. chapter 9 Describes facilities in HP FORTRAN 77 under this operating system that are useful for run-time error management. chapter 10 Describes how HP FORTRAN 77 data types are formatted in memory. appendix A Lists and describes compile-time error messages, compiler warnings, ANSI warnings, and run-time errors. appendix B Lists the HP FORTRAN 77 intrinsic functions. appendix C Compares HP FORTRAN 77 with the ANSI 77 standard, FORTRAN 66/V, and FORTRAN 7X. appendix D Presents HP's implementation of the ASCII character set. appendix E Lists a program using indexed sequential access (ISAM). Additional Documentation The following manuals are referenced in this manual: * HP FORTRAN 77/iX Programmer's Guide (31501-90011) * HP FORTRAN 77/iX Migration Guide (31501-90004) * HP Link Editor/iX Reference Manual (32650-90030) * HP Pascal/iX Reference Manual (31502-90001) * HP Pascal/iX Programmer's Guide (31502-90002) * Trap Handling Programmer's Guide (32650-90026) * Compiler Library/XL Reference Manual (32650-90029) * MPE/iX Intrinsics Reference Manual (32650-90028) * Native Language Programmer's Guide (32650-90022) * HP Symbolic Debugger/iX User's Guide (31508-90003) The HP FORTRAN 77/iX Programmer's Guide contains detailed discussions of selected HP FORTRAN 77 topics. The HP FORTRAN 77/iX Migration Guide contains information on how to run FORTRAN 66/V and HP FORTRAN 77/V programs on the MPE/iX operating system and how to convert them to HP FORTRAN 77/iX programs. Conventions UPPERCASE In a syntax statement, commands and keywords are shown in uppercase characters. The characters must be entered in the order shown; however, you can enter the characters in either uppercase or lowercase. For example: COMMAND can be entered as any of the following: command Command COMMAND It cannot, however, be entered as: comm com_mand comamnd italics In a syntax statement or an example, a word in italics represents an optional parameter or argument that you must replace with the actual value. In the following example, you must replace filename with the name of the file: COMMAND filename punctuation In a syntax statement, punctuation characters (other than brackets, braces, vertical bars, and ellipses) must be entered exactly as shown. In the following example, the parentheses and colon must be entered: (filename):(filename) underlining Within an example that contains interactive dialog, user input and user responses to prompts are indicated by underlining. In the following example, yes is the user's response to the prompt: Do you want to continue? >> yes { } In a syntax statement, braces enclose required elements. When several elements are stacked within braces, you must select one. In the following example, you must select either ON or OFF: COMMAND {ON } {OFF} [ ] In a syntax statement, brackets enclose optional elements. In the following example, OPTION can be omitted: COMMAND filename [OPTION] When several elements are stacked within brackets, you can select one or none of the elements. In the following example, you can select OPTION or parameter or neither. The elements cannot be repeated. COMMAND filename [OPTION ] [parameter] [...] In a syntax statement, horizontal ellipses enclosed in brackets indicate that you can repeatedly select the element(s) that appear within the immediately preceding pair of brackets or braces. In the example below, you can select parameter zero or more times. Each instance of parameter must be preceded by a comma: [,parameter][...] In the example below, you only use the comma as a delimiter if parameter is repeated; no comma is used before the first occurrence of parameter: [parameter][,...] Conventions (continued) |...| In a syntax statement, horizontal ellipses enclosed in vertical bars indicate that you can select more than one element within the immediately preceding pair of brackets or braces. However, each particular element can only be selected once. In the following example, you must select A, AB, BA, or B. The elements cannot be repeated. {A} |...| {B} ... In an example, horizontal or vertical ellipses indicate where portions of an example have been omitted. In a syntax statement, the space symbol shows a required blank. In the following example, parameter and parameter must be separated with a blank: (parameter) (parameter) The symbol indicates a key on the keyboard. For example, Return represents the carriage return key or Shift represents the shift key. CTRLcharacter CTRLcharacter indicates a control character. For example, CTRL Y means that you press the control key and the Y key simultaneously. base prefixes The prefixes %, #, and $ specify the numerical base of the value that follows: %num specifies an octal number. #num specifies a decimal number. $num specifies a hexadecimal number. If no base is specified, decimal is assumed.